Children's Health EncyclopediaMumps

Mumps

What is mumps?

Mumps is an acute and highly contagious viral illness that usually occurs in childhood. Spread by airborne droplets from the upper respiratory tract, the disease usually takes two to three weeks to appear. Cases of mumps in the US have declined dramatically with the introduction of the mumps vaccine.

What are the symptoms of mumps?

Many children have no or very mild symptoms. The following are the most common symptoms of mumps. However, each child may experience symptoms differently. Symptoms may include:

• mild sickness
• discomfort in the salivary glands, which may become swollen and tender
• difficulty chewing
• fever
• headache
• muscle aches
• tiredness
• loss of appetite 
• pain in salivary glands when eating sour foods

The symptoms of mumps may resemble other conditions or medical problems. Always consult your child's physician for a diagnosis.

Complications commonly associated with mumps:

Complications of mumps occur more frequently among adults than children, and may include the following:

• meningitis - an inflammation of the membrane that covers the brain and spinal cord.
• orchitis - inflammation of the testicle.
• mastitis - inflammation of breast tissue.
• oophoritis - inflammation of the ovary.
• pancreatitis - inflammation of the pancreas.

How is mumps diagnosed?

In addition to a complete medical history and medical examination, your child's physician may also take a saliva and/or urinary culture to confirm the diagnosis.

Treatment for mumps:

Specific treatment for mumps will be determined by your child's physician based on:

• your child's age, overall health, and medical history
• extent of the condition
• your child's tolerance for specific medications, procedures, or therapies
• expectations for the course of the condition
• your opinion or preference

Treatment is usually limited to pain relievers and plenty of fluids. Sometimes, bed rest is necessary the first few days. Children should stay out of school until symptoms have subsided.

Prevention of mumps:

Measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR) is a childhood vaccination against mumps that is usually administered in combination with measles and rubella. MMR provides immunity for most people. People who have had mumps are immune for life.

Usually, the first dose of MMR is administered when the child is 12 months old, and a second dose given at four to six years of age. However, if 28 days have passed since the first dose was administered, a second dose may be given before the age of four.

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